Smart-Phone
A mobile phone that perform many of the functions of a computer, having touch-screen interface, internet, and an operating system capable of running downloaded apps.
In the year 1999, the Japanese firm NTT Docomo released the first smart-phone to achieve mass adoption within a country. These phones ran on i-mode. Unlike future generations of wireless- services, NTT Docomo's i-mode used c-HTML, a language which restricted some aspects of traditional HTML in favor of increasing data speed for these devices. Limited functionality, small screens and limited bandwidth allowed for phones to use the slower data speeds available.
The rise of i-mode helped NTT Docomo accumulate an estimated 40 million subscribers by the end of the year 2001. It was also ranked first in market capitalization in Japan. This power would wane in the face of the rise of 3G and new phones with advanced wireless network capabilities.
Outside of Japan smart-phones were still rare, although throughout the mid of the year 2000, devices based on Microsoft Windows Mobile started to gain popularity among business users in the United States. The BlackBerry later gained mass adoption in the United States., and American users popularized the term "Crack-Berry" in the year 2006 due to its addictive nature. The company first released its GSM(Global System For Mobile) Black-Berry 6210, BlackBerry 6220, and BlackBerry 6230 devices in 2003.
Symbian was the most popular smart-phone OS in Europe during the middle and late in the year 2000. Initially, Nokia Symbian devices were focused on the business, similar to Windows Mobile and BlackBerry devices at the same time. From the year 2006 on wards, Nokia started producing entertainment-focused smart-phones, popularized by the N-series. In Asia, with the exception of Japan, the trend was similar to that of Europe
In the year 2013, the Fair phone company launched its first "socially ethical" smart-phone at the London Design Festival to address concerns regarding the sourcing of materials in the manufacturing.
In late of the year 2013 , QSAlpha commenced production of a smart-phone designed entirely around security, encryption and identity protection.
In the year 2013 December, the world's first curved-OLED technology smart-phones were introduced to the retail market with the sale of the Samsung Galaxy Round & LG G-Flex models. Samsung mobile phones with more bends and folds in the screens are expected on 2015.
Foldable OLED smart-phones could be as much as a decade away because of the cost of producing them. There was a relatively high failure rate when producing these mobiles. As a speck of dust can ruin a screen during production. Creating a battery that can be folded was another hurdle.
A clear thin layer of crystal glass can be added to small screens like watches and smart-phones that make them solar powered. Smart-phones should gain 15% more battery life during a typical day. The first smart-phones using this technology should arrive in the year 2015. This screen can also work to receive Li-Fi signals and so can the smart-phone camera. The cost of these screens per smart-phone is between $2 and $3, much cheaper than most new technology.
Near future smart-phones might not have a traditional battery as their sole source of power. Instead, they may be pull energy from radio, television & cellular or Wi-Fi signals.
In the year 2014, smart-phones are beginning to use Quad HD (2K) 2560 x 1440 on 5.5 inch screens with up to 534 ppi on devices such as the LG- G3 which is a significant improvement over Apple's retina display. Quad HD(high defination) is used in advanced televisions and computer monitors, but with 110 ppi or less on such as larger displays.
As of the year 2014, Wi-Fi networks are much used for smart-phones. As Wi-Fi becomes more prevalent and easier to connect to smart-phones, Wi-Fi phones service will start to take off.
Since the year 2013, water and dust-proofing have made their way into mainstream high end smart-phones instead of specialist models with the Sony Xperia-Z continuing through the Sony Xperia- Z3 and also from other manufacturers with the Samsung Galaxy S5
One problem with smart-phone cameras are still focus, but LG-G3 Beat model with Laser Focus has 8 points of focus. To focus what appears in the LCD(Liquid Crystal Display), touch the object on screen to focus on it and the other positions will be 'bokeh'.
Some smart-phones can be categorized as high-end point & shoot cameras with large sensor up to 1" with 20 Megapixels & 4K video. Some can store their pictures in proprietary raw image format, but the Android 5.0 lollipop serves open source RAW-images.
Modular smart-phones are projected, in which users can remove and replace parts easily.
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